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Substance Abuse Facts Abuse: A pattern of excessive or uncontrolled use of alcohol or a drug of abuse plus impairment in social or occupational functioning that is due to the alcohol or drug use. Dependence: A pattern of excessive or uncontrolled use or impairment in social or occupation functioning plus evidence of tolerance or withdrawal (physical dependence). Substance abuse affects an estimated 25 million Americans. An additional 40 million people are affected indirectly. Alcoholism afflicts 10 million adults and 3 million children in the U.S. Another 10 million are considered problem drinkers. An estimated to 12.5 million are addicted to other drugs such as opiates or sedatives. More than 61 million Americans smoke cigarettes making nicotine one of the most heavily used addictive drugs in the U.S. Alcohol abuse costs the U.S. an estimated $99 billion in direct and indirect costs.

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